Starch is a group of polysaccharides, composed of glucopyranose units joined together by glucosidric linkages. It conforms to the molecular formula, (C6 H10O5)n, where n varies from a few hundred to over one million. Starch is found as the reserve carbohydrate in various parts of plants and is enzymatically broken down to glucose to other carbohydrates according to the metabolic needs of the plants. Industrially, starch is broadly divided into two types viz., natural and modified. Natural starches also designated as unmodified starches or simply starches are obtained from grains such as sorghum, from roots like potato, tapioca and arrowroot, and from the pith of the stems of certain palms such as sago. They are further classified into cereal starches and root starches. The characteristics of the natural starches are changed by chemical or enzymatic action and the products of these reactions are termed modified starches. This group includes dextrins, acid-modified starches, oxidized starches, starch esters, starch ethers, dialdehyde starches, and cationic starches. The cereal starches, such as maize, wheat, rice and sorghum, are recovered by several processes, of which the wet milling is by far the most important. Other starches include that of potato & tapioca plant. Physical and chemical properties of starch vary according to the raw material from which it is derived. Starch has many industrial applications in industries like textile, food, paper, pharmaceutical, in the manufacture of glucose and dextrose by hydrolysis, manufacture of modified starches, etc. There are many units as at present in the country producing starch from Maize and three units producing starch from Tapioca in the organized sector. The capacity for starch from Maize accounts for more than 80 per cent of the installed capacity in the organized sector. As against the organized sector, there are a number of units in the small and cottage sector producing starch mainly from tapioca. As regards glucose it is produced in solid as well as liquid form. The production of glucose is not possible in the small sector and therefore its production is not as widely spread as that of starch. Eight units manufacturing starch in the organized sector also produce liquid glucose simultaneously. There are many units as at present in the country producing starch from Maize and three units producing starch from Tapioca in the organized sector. The capacity for starch from Maize accounts for more than 80 per cent of the installed capacity in the organized sector. As against the organized sector, there are a number of units in the small and cottage sector producing starch mainly from tapioca. As regards glucose it is produced in solid as well as liquid form. The production of glucose is not possible in the small sector and therefore its production is not as widely spread as that of starch. Eight units manufacturing starch in the organized sector also produce liquid glucose simultaneously. There is an ample space for new entrepreneurs to venture into this field.
Few Indian Major Players are as under:
- Anil Products Ltd.
- Anil Starch Products Ltd.
- Bharat Starch Inds. Ltd.
- English Indian Clays Ltd.
- Gayatri Bioorganics Ltd.
- Gujarat Ambuja Exports Ltd.
- Gujarat Ambuja Proteins Ltd.
- Gulshan Polyols Ltd.
- Indian Maize & Chemicals Ltd.
- International Bestfoods Ltd.
- K G Gluco Biols Ltd.
- Kamala Sugar Mills Ltd.
- Karnataka State Agro Corn Products Ltd.
- Laxmi Starch Ltd.
- Origin Agrostar Ltd.
- Pondicherry Agro Service & Inds. Corpn. Ltd.
- Rai Agro Inds. Ltd.
- Riddhi Siddhi Gluco Biols Ltd.
- Santosh Starch Ltd.
- Santosh Starch Products Ltd.
- Sayaji Industries Ltd.
- Sukhjit Starch & Chemicals Ltd.
- Tirupati Starch & Chemicals Ltd.
- Unique Sugars Ltd.
- Universal Starch Chem Allied Ltd.
- Wockhardt Health Care Ltd.
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